Welcome to the Original Virtual Museum - celebrating Woolworths' century at the heart of British High Street Shopping
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please click a menu button Original Virtual Museum Home Page please click a menu button The Woolworth value store concept is born in the USA please click a menu button Laying the foundations as the first British Woolworth store opens in Liverpool in November 1909 please click a menu button Woolworths rapidly open forty-four stores in Britain and Ireland before facing a World War please click a menu button Bigger, brighter and bolder Woolworth stores in the Roaring Twenties please click a menu button Woolworths go to amazing lengths to keep all prices under sixpence in the Thirties please click a menu button Bravery and defiance during World War II in Woolworths' finest hour. We pay tribute to the sacrifices made and look behind the scenes please click a menu button Redefining the Woolworth brand for modern times in the 1950s, as prices go up and stores get bigger and bigger please click a menu button Superstores in and out of town, a new own brand and the opening of overseas Commonwealth stores during the 1960s please click a menu button Woolworth struggles to keep up during the rapid inflation and change of the 1970s please click a menu button Woolworth stores in more recent times, covering the period 1980-2008 please click a menu button
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Background to the Original Virtual Museum and copyright information about the contents Origins of the firm's legendary pic'n'mix and a century of chocolate, candy and confectionery in the High Street A century of music and entertainment in the High Street from sheet music and gramophone records to CDs and blu-ray discs A century of toys, games and fun in the High Street stores of F. W. Woolworth A century of fashion in the High Street, from paper patterns and sixpenny knickers to an extensive range of award-winning Ladybird clothing A century of cards, pens, pads and books from the shelves of F. W. Woolworth stores Pots and pans, paint and brushes, bulbs and compost and even toiletries - all in High Street Woolworth stores for much of the twentieth century Woolworths pioneered Christmas decorations in the 19th century and supplied presents for our parents, grandparents and great grandparents from their High Street stores Working conditions and pay rates at Woolworths over a hundred years and some of the people behind the brand-name Our cinema, quiz and picture gallery features Visit the new look 21st century Woolworths on line, on the site operated by Shop Direct Group
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A display of greeting cards on new, luxurious fixtures at the new Woolworths store in Weybridge, Surrey in 1946

 

Victory in the World War came at a high price. Britain had taken on large debts in the early years, when America had provided munitions on credit. From 1945 the loan had to be repaid in instalments. As a result there was a major export drive, and retailers faced controls intended to reserve as many British-made finished goods as possible for sale abroad and to prevent merchandise from being brought in from overseas. These austerity measures left the displays in other retailers looking drab and depleted, while a new generation of Woolworth Buyers rose to the challenge, particularly in improving the firm's selection of Stationery, Cards and Books.

 

A new product for 1948 as Woolworths introduced Britain's first biros (ball point pens). The picture is from the Rampant Horse Street, Norwich store

 

Drawing ideas from the American parent company, the Buyers introduced lots of new products in the late 1940s, including colourful comics (to build on the success of Mighty Midgets during World War II), and brighter and more modern designs of Greetings Cards. But the biggest innovation of all was the Ball Point Pen. The Biro, which sold for ninepence (about 3p or 15¢), was said to incorporated new 'space age' technology. It was made primarily from plastic instead of the traditional bakelite. Customers were encouraged to test the new pens, with scribble pads provided on the counters and signage explaining that biros would right at an angle or even upside-down. Sales rocketed. By 1950 ball point pens accounted for almost half of the total stationery sales in-store.

Company bosses were so impressed with biros that they instructed store staff to abandon the pencils that they had traditionally used to complete their paperwork. It had long been the practice that when a customer requested an itemised receipt, instead of receiving the top copy, which was written in pencil, they were given the clearer carbon copy. As a result company receipt books had been stapled in reverse order, with the fancy printed copy appearing behind the sheet that was retained in-store. Most Store Managers insisted on retaining their fountain pens and bottles of ink, which had become a status symbol. They also grumbled that they would no longer be able to 'correct' stock counts by rubbing out the values above the assistants' signatures!

Bold displays of picture books and wrapping paper in the new Woolworths store in Warwick, which opened in 1952. (Note the patriotic picture of H.M. The Queen above the wall displayA large display of books displayed in the Woolworths store at Pontypool, Monmouthshire (Gwynedd) in 1955

Another range that got a makeover in the post-war period was the selection of books. The firm opted to concentrate on picture books and colour illustrated 'coffee table' volumes rather than the Penguin paperbacks which they had launched in 1937. By the mid 1950s City Centre and Seaside sroes mainly stocked job-lot budget paperbacks, rather than the latest titles. The smaller branches concentrated on Annuals, Cookery and how-to books, particularly after the commercial television station known as 'ITA' went on air on 22 September 1955. The Buyer identified the chance to stock books to complement the broadcasts and worked to guarantee a steady stream of titles. As a result, the book department became a key part of the Christmas gift offer. Personal service counters were adapted to make a browsable display, where customers could make a selection in comfort before paying an assistant nearby.

 

Stamp collecting kits on sale at the experimental self-service Woolworths in Queen's Square, Crawley, West Sussex in 1957

 

A surprise success arose from the launch of the British Commonwealth. The Buyer spotted a craze for collecting postage stamps from around the world, both from outposts of the former British Empire and from further afield. He duly obliged with pre-packed assortments of stamps, for sixpence (2½p) and a shilling (5p), along with packs of albums, gummed corners and tweezers. The range was superceded by electronic games in the 1970s. Perhaps the fashion for collecting stamps reflected simpler times in the days before computers and the net.

 

A wall display of stationery at Woolworth's in 1955

 

If you have enjoyed our Virtual Museum website, why not check out our complete history of Woolworths in a 194 page, richly illustrated paperback book?  A Sixpenny Romance is just £10.99, with free delivery in our on-line shop.
The special DVD, the Wonder of Advertising, is now available in our on-line shop for £7.50 with free delivery. A fully illustrated 194 page history of Woolworths, or a selection of professionally authored DVDs in our on-line shop